<p>The Dement Printing Company is a historic printing company in Meridian, Mississippi established in 1875. The building in which the company currently operates was built in 1909 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The company was owned and operated by the Dement family until it was sold in 2016 to Melissa Love and Sara Love, two local sisters. They now operate Generations Fine Paper and Gifts at Dement Printing.</p><br>
<h2>Foundation</h2><br>
<p>Though the Dement Printing Company wasnt officially founded until 1875, the Dement family was in the business of printing well before then. The first Dement to learn the printing trade was James Prentiss Dement (1815–1867), who became an apprentice in 1831. James son, John Joseph Dement (1844–1926), began the Dement Printing Company in the Lockhard Building at the corner of 25th Avenue and Front Street in 1875. Charles Pinckney Dement (1842–1913), Johns brother, is listed in the 1882 Meridian Business Directory as a "book and job printer" in the company. Charles, along with his son James Washington Dement (1874–1964), also founded The Meridian Star, Meridians only daily newspaper, in 1898.</p><br>
<p>The business was later sold to John Joseph&#39;s son, John Vance Dement (1873–1949), who moved the business to the intersection of 23rd Avenue and 4th Street. John Vance partnered with his brother, Frank Eugene Dement (1878–1963), and one other helper. John Vance and Frank again moved the business to a building located at 2315 4th Street in 1900. The business continued to grow during the seven years it was located at this site, adding not only more employees but more printing equipment as well.</p><br>
<h2>Company building</h2><br>
<p>In 1909 the company had grown enough that the Dements decided to construct their own building at 2002 6th Street. The building, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is notable for its inclusion of classical elements in an industrial structure. The two-story brick building lies on a triangular block, giving it an unusual shape. The main entrance is located at the intersection of 20th Avenue and 6th Street on a cutaway corner. Above the main entrance, the company name and construction date are inscribed into the face of the building. A water table is painted white, and the capitals of the pilasters below each window bay contain a unique "running-dog" pattern. An old side entrance, later enclosed, was highlighted by a stone cornice with corbels which also featured this running-dog pattern.</p><br>
<p>The building has been altered several times since its construction. New space for offices, a composing room, a press room, an offset printing room, and a bindery room have been added over the 100+ years in which the company has operated. At its peak the company took up nearly the entire block and employed 70 people, making it one of the largest printing companies in the state.</p><br>
<h2>Later generations</h2><br>
<p>Frank Dement sold his share of the business to his brother, John Vance, and moved to Texas in 1913. After John Vance died in 1949, his children took over the business. All seven of his children worked in the business at some time during their lives. John Ernest Dement (b. April 29, 1944), grandson of John Vance through James H Dement (1915–1987), took over the company in 1974. His wife, Judy, and children, Corey and Scott, also help with the business. Corey and Scott are thus the fifth generation to be involved in the family business, beginning with the founder, John Joseph Dement. Scott Bancroft took over in 2016.</p><br>
<p>In 2000, Dement Printing opened another shop, Generations Fine Paper and Gifts in 2000. In 2016 it was sold to two local sisters, Melissa Love and Sara Love.</p><br>
<h2>Products</h2><br>
<p>Throughout its lifetime, Dement Printing Company has produced many different products. At the turn of the 20th century when the business was located on 4th Street, popular products included letterheads, envelopes, statements, circulars, and order blanks. During World War II, Dement Printing Company was asked to fill a $26,000 order of carbon paper for Brookley Field in Mobile, Alabama. The company was also asked to print blueprints for the Air Base at Key Field in Meridian. Other products and services that have been offered by the company include book bindings, ruling, lithographing, photostating, and rubber stamps.</p><br>
<p>When desktop publishing and home printing grew in popularity, Dement (and many other printing businesses) saw a great reduction in sales. The company shrank from its peak of 70 employees to 22. To cope with the change, the company created a "Generations" department, which prints wedding favors (invitations, picture books, etc.) and baby pictures. The company has also profited from selling office supplies and rents out parts of the building to other businesses.</p><br>
<p>St. John&#39;s Episcopal Church is a parish of the Diocese of Iowa, located in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. The church was included as a contributing property in the Jackson Park Historic District that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Rev. Henry Tullidge arrived at Grace Church in Galena, Illinois in November 1834 as a missionary supported by Grace Church in Providence, Rhode Island. The first services in Dubuque were held sometime not long after his arrival. Tullidge served the spiritual needs of people in the surrounding area. St. Johns parish in Dubuque was organized in 1845 by Bishop Jackson Kemper and local residents overseeing the construction of a brick church built on the corner of Ninth and Locust Streets. The parish continued to grow, but the American Civil War delayed any plans for a new church. A parish womans organization raised the money to buy the property on the corner of Loras and Main Streets. At the time a tenement named Norton&#39;s Rookery stood on the site.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the present church began in 1875 and it was completed three years later. The church was designed in the High Victorian Gothic style by New York architect Henry M. Congdon. The rough-cut limestone for the walls was quarried in nearby Farley, Iowa. Five of the stained glass windows are from Louis Comfort Tiffany&#39;s studio.</p><br>
<p>The Richter Brewery, also known as the Delta Building, is a commercial building located at 1615 Ludington Street in Escanaba, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Richter Brewing Company was organized in Escanaba in 1901. The company immediately hired a Milwaukee firm to design the building. Construction of the Richter Brewery proceeded from 1900 into 1901, and the Richter Brewery began manufacture in early 1901. Over the next few years, additional buildings were constructed, including a keg house, office building, bottling plant, ice house and stable. All but the 1915 office building were demolished in 1929. The brewery closed at the beginning of Prohibition, and it was sold in 1925. The building was then used to manufacture non-alcoholic beverages. At the end of Prohibition, it was sold to the Delta Brewery Company. The building was again used to brew beer until the Delta Brewing Company went bankrupt in 1940.</p><br>
<p>The building remained vacant until the late 2000s. The building was purchased in 2008 with the intention of renovating it into loft apartment space; As of early 2012, the renovation was nearly complete, with 9 apartments leased and one of the three commercial spaces filled. It remained a mixed-use building in 2019, and has been used by the state of Michigan as an example of high-quality development.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Richter Brewery is a four-story Late Victorian building, measuring 82 ft by 72 ft, with some Romanesque Revival architectural elements. The building has corner towers and round-head windows.</p><br>
<p>Pierce-Klingle Mansion, also known as Linnaean Hill, is a historic house in Rock Creek Park in Washington, D.C. It has been listed on the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites since 1964 and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is a contributing property in the Rock Creek Park Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Joshua Pierce built the house in 1823 and named it Linnaean Hill after Carl Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist. Pierce, himself a horticulturist, introduced the box garden to Washington and supplied the first ornamental plantings to the White House, United States Capitol, and other government buildings. Notable members of Washington society, such as Senators Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, and Henry Clay were regular visitors to the house.</p><br>
<p>Because Joshua Pierce died without any children, his estate passed to his nephew, Joshua Pierce Klingle, who lived in the house with his wife until 1890. That year, the house was bought by the United States government as a part of Rock Creek Park. Public Works Administration funds were used to restore the house and grounds in 1937. It was leased by the government as a private residence until 1952. The Junior Nature Center then leased the building until 1959, when it was leased to the Junior League of Washington for its administrative offices. The National Park Service took over the residence in 1972 and used it to house the green scene programs.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Pierce-Klingle Mansion is a three-story, ten-room house built in the Pennsylvania Dutch farmhouse style. The exterior is composed of blue and grey granite. The walls are 24 in thick. An addition on the west side of the house was constructed in 1843. The poplar paneling in the stairwell and most of the mantelpiece are original to the house. A large fireplace that measures, 6 ft long and 4 ft high was uncovered during the 1937 renovation. A beehive oven was built into the wall beside it.</p><br>
<p>A two-story stone and wood frame barn and carriage house are located to the east of the main house. It was built into the side of the hill permitting each floor to have its own entrance corresponding to its ground level. The two-story utility house is located behind and to the east of the main house. It is constructed of granite similar to that of the main house and is part of the design of the terrace wall. Like the barn and carriage house, it has entrances that correspond to their own ground level. The lower floor, however, cannot be accessed from the upper-floor because there is no interior stairway. A brick chimney was constructed when a modern furnace and water heater were installed. On the west end of the terrace is the potting shed, which is similar in design to the utility house.</p><br>
<p>The South Campus Historic District is a historic district in Chico, California which was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991 through efforts of the Chico Heritage Association. The district is situated entirely within the South Campus Neighborhood. The historical district extends from Salem Street to Cherry Street, and from West Second Street to West Sixth Street. Whereas, the neighborhood extends from West Second Street south to West Ninth Street and west from Salem Street all the way to the city limits, which, in that area, is called the "Green Line." The South Campus Neighborhood Association represents the interests of the neighborhood to the community. There are several fraternity and sorority houses in the area, and the city has designated the South Campus Fraternity/Sorority Overlay Zone which is largely contiguous with the neighborhood and district.</p><br>
<p>Historically, this area was the first residential area established in the city. The area was surveyed for laying out streets in 1860. South Campus is home of the Stansbury House, the Southern Pacific Depot, and the Language Houses.</p><br>
<p>Currently, South Campus is a dynamic residential neighborhood consisting overwhelmingly of young renters under thirty-five, and specifically Chico State students. It is one of the most densely populated areas of the city. The intersection of Fifth and Ivy Streets is a neighborhood commercial core referred to locally as "Five and I".</p><br>
<h2>Buildings listed as contributing to the Historic District</h2><br>
<p>The historic district consists of 114 individual buildings which have been named in the register as contributing to the historical district. They include:</p><br>
<p>The Language Houses consist of six houses on West Third Street which had previously been owned by Chico State University&#39;s Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures. The houses had been used as student housing with each house having a language theme. The houses had fallen into disrepair under university management of the properties, and the sale of the properties to a developer interested in restoring the historical nature of the houses was a drawn out matter requiring the intervention of the state legislature. Today the houses are privately owned, have been restored and are occupied student housing. The Language Houses are named:</p><br>
<p>228 Ivy Street</p><br>
<p>319 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>322 Normal Avenue</p><br>
<p>324 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>325 Ivy Street</p><br>
<p>330 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>345 West Fifth Street</p><br>
<p>345 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>411 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>414 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>414 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>417 Normal Avenue</p><br>
<p>419 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>420 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>420 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>421 West Third Street</p><br>
<p>428 West Fifth Street</p><br>
<p>428 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>429 Normal Avenue</p><br>
<p>429 West Third Street</p><br>
<p>430 West Third Street</p><br>
<p>431 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>441 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>511 West Fifth Street</p><br>
<p>514 Ivy Street</p><br>
<p>518 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>519 West Fifth Street</p><br>
<p>527 West Fifth Street</p><br>
<p>527 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>529 Ivy Street</p><br>
<p>529 Normal Avenue</p><br>
<p>530 Normal Avenue</p><br>
<p>530 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>541 West Fifth Street</p><br>
<p>543 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>544 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>611 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>621 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>625 West Third Street</p><br>
<p>626 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>627 West Second Street</p><br>
<p>629 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>635 West Second Street</p><br>
<p>706 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>718 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>719 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>720 West Fourth Street</p><br>
<p>727 West Sixth Street</p><br>
<p>728 West Third Street</p><br>
<p>729 West Second Street</p><br>
<p>737 West Second Street</p><br>
<p>745 West Third Street</p><br>
<p>Abraham House</p><br>
<p>Allen-Sommer-Gage House</p><br>
<p>As You Like It</p><br>
<p>Bicknell Cottages</p><br>
<p>Bicknell House</p><br>
<p>Bidwell Chapel</p><br>
<p>Big Red Barn</p><br>
<p>C.C. Mathews House</p><br>
<p>Chester Cole Residence</p><br>
<p>Copeland Residence</p><br>
<p>Cosby-McLain Home</p><br>
<p>Costar House</p><br>
<p>Crosette House</p><br>
<p>Eames Cottages</p><br>
<p>Eames House</p><br>
<p>F.M. Jackson House</p><br>
<p>Fifth Street Rooming House</p><br>
<p>House of Vinson</p><br>
<p>J.F. Fordham House</p><br>
<p>Kate Bower House</p><br>
<p>Kennedy House</p><br>
<p>L.A. McIntosh House</p><br>
<p>Lizzie Crew Canfield House</p><br>
<p>Miller House</p><br>
<p>Notre Dame School</p><br>
<p>Nottleman House</p><br>
<p>Ormsby House</p><br>
<p>P.E. O&#39;Hair House</p><br>
<p>Presbyterian Parsonage</p><br>
<p>Rev. Jesse Wood House</p><br>
<p>Reynolds House</p><br>
<p>Sapp Hall</p><br>
<p>Sherwood House</p><br>
<p>Sierra Hall</p><br>
<p>Stansbury House (Chico, California)</p><br>
<p>Theodore Schwein Home</p><br>
<p>W.H. Schooler House</p><br>
<p>Walker House</p><br>
<p>Waterland Apartments</p><br>
<p>White House</p><br>
<h2>South Campus Neighborhood Association</h2><br>
<p>In September 1996, a group of residents, property owners, business owners, and student organization representatives got together to form the South Campus Neighborhood Association. This was, in part a result of the City Council, in May of that year, directing the Planning Commission to study zoning for "Student Living Groups" (i.e. fraternities and sororities, etc.). The group prepared a Constitution for the neighborhood association, and an outline for a neighborhood plan; both of which were presented at a neighborhood meeting in March 1997.</p><br>
<p>The association has successfully lobbied the city for increased lighting, infrastructure repairs (such as sidewalks), increased community involvement in police strategies, and amendments to the city&#39;s noise ordinance. The neighborhood association requested that the city consider creating a Special Events Permit, so as to address some of the issues arising from the youth of its residents. Although the city, did not establish such a permit, the proposed zone which was to be associated with this permit eventually was approved by the council as a unique Fraternity/Sorority Overlay Zone.</p><br>
<h2>South Campus Fraternity/Sorority Overlay Zone</h2><br>
<p>The land use regulations in the zone are combined with those of the base district, except that fraternities and sororities shall be a permitted use, with the approval of a ministerial permit by the Planning Director.</p><br>
<p>Standard Drug Company  is a historic pharmaceutical company in Meridian, Mississippi. Originally established as a small retail drug store in 1900, the company was incorporated in 1919 and became one of the largest commercial firms in the city. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Standard Drug Company was originally named "Hopkins and Bethea" after W.E. Hopkins and Oscar Bethea, who founded the company in January 1900 on 22nd Avenue next to Weidmann&#39;s Restaurant. The company moved to a three-story building at 2408 5th Street in 1906. That building was included as a contributing property to the Meridian Urban Center Historic District in 1979, known as the "Hopkins and Bethea Building". The building had been demolished by the time the Meridian Downtown Historic District (which combined two smaller districts in Meridian, one of which was Urban Center) was listed in 2007.</p><br>
<p>As the city grew, so did Hopkins and Bethea. The business was incorporated in 1911, with W.E. Hopkins as president, and the name was changed to Standard Drug Company. "Kimborough&#39;s Antiseptic" was a popular product among locals. The product was meant to treat minor cuts and scratches, but most of its popularity was linked to the fact that it included alcohol. Another product branded by Standard Drug–Jamica ginger–was also popular for its alcoholic content during prohibition. The latter, however, left some over-users paralyzed for life with what was dubbed "Jake leg." When Bethea left the company to enroll in Tulane Medical School, a bookkeeper named Ernest A. Morrison bought into the partnership with Hopkins.</p><br>
<p>The company continued to grow, and by 1919, the company was large enough to warrant a new building. The Meridian Medical College property at 25th Avenue and 6th Street was purchased and demolished, making way for a new three-story building with over 67,300 ft&sup2; of floor space. In the early 1910s, the company began diversifying and added other products such as cosmetics, school supplies, and children&#39;s toys to their profit margin. During World War I, when the rest of the country was experiencing a shortage of quinine (used to treat malaria), Standard Drug was able to keep a steady supply, which allowed them to remain in business and make a great deal of money.</p><br>
<p>When Hopkins died in 1941, Morrison took over as president of the company, appointing J.L. Hopkins (W.E. Hopkins&#39;s son) as vice president and his own son, Edgar H. Morrison, secretary and treasurer. When Morrison died in 1959, J.L. Hopkins took over, and when Hopkins died, Edgar Morrison took over. Edgar Morrison was the final president of the company, presiding over its sell and transfer to Durr-Fillauer Medical out of Montgomery, Alabama.</p><br>
<h2>Standard Drug Company building</h2><br>
<p>The building at 601 25th Avenue, built in 1919, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The building has a utilitarian design, simple and rectangular, a style common to commercial and industrial buildings of its construction era. The southeast corner of the building, which faces the intersection of 6th Street and 25th Avenue, is constructed of yellow-brown brick with a decorative cornice while the "rear" (north and west sides) of the building is constructed of lower grade red brick. A parking lot is located on the rear side. One loading dock is located on the south side of the building, and another (added in the 1970s) is located on the northeast side of the building.</p><br>
<p>The first floor contains three rooms, and all of the walls are stuccoed. From east to west, the rooms were used for office space and product display, shipping and receiving, and storage. The office room was originally floored with linoleum, although carpet was added later. The room was originally only split into two areas, the office area having a pressed tin ceiling, but a vault was added in the 1920s, and a private office was partitioned off in 1941. A computer room was later built in the southeast corner. The shipping and receiving room contains an elevator in the center of the room which leads to the upper floors. Loading docks are located on either side of the room. The storage room is empty except for staircases leading to the upper floors.</p><br>
<p>The second floor was only partitioned into two rooms. Milk of magnesia, iodine, merthiolate, mercurochrome, and other drugs were manufactured in the east room while the west room was used mainly for storage. A small corner of the west room was known as the "acid room&quot the floor was covered with sand to prevent damage. The third floor was primarily used for storage.</p><br>
<p>The First Congregational Church, also known as Iglesia Pentecostes Evangelica Principe de Paz, is a house of worship located in Sioux City, Iowa, United States. An architectural rarity, it is one of a small group of churches in the Prairie School style of architecture. Designed primarily in the Prairie style with some eclectic touches by architect William L. Steele, its horizontal lines are emphasized by Roman brick and crisp rectilinear forms. Somewhat at variance are the distinctive dome and the prominent round heads on the windows.</p><br>
<p>Fresh from his triumph with the Woodbury County Courthouse in collaboration with George Grant Elmslie, and drawing on lessons learned during that collaboration, Steele built the church in 1916–1918. This church and the courthouse are the only two Prairie style buildings that are known to have a dome.</p><br>
<p>It was built for a Congregational church that had been established in Sioux City back in 1857, replacing a more traditional church that had burned down in 1916. In 1966, that congregation built a new structure on Hamilton Boulevard. First Congregational Church sold the building to Sioux City Baptist Church c. 1968. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 under that name. In 2009, Sioux City Baptist Church acquired a building on Viking Drive. Most recently, the building has become the Iglesia Evangelica Pentecostes Principe de Paz (Evangelical Pentecostal Church of the Prince of Peace), with services in Spanish aimed at the local Hispanic community.</p><br>
<p>Due to the need for extensive building restoration and maintenance, the structure has been named to endangered building lists by at least two historic preservation groups.</p><br>
<p>Stephen F. Austin School is located on 319 Lipscomb Street in Fort Worth, Texas. Designed by the firm Messer, Sanguinet and Messer, the school opened in 1892 as the Sixth Ward School or the Broadway School. The two-story structure was built utilizing the Richardsonian Romanesque style popularized by the architect Henry Hobson Richardson. It was renamed The Stephen F. Austin Elementary School in 1904. In 1909, an addition was constructed on the north part of the building. The school closed in 1977. Williamson-Dickie Manufacturing Company purchased the building in 1980 and used it as its corporate headquarters.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 10, 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>Markeen Apartments is located in the Near Southside of Fort Worth, Texas. The apartments sit on two lots at the northwest corner of Daggett and St. Louis avenues. The two-building complex was constructed in 1910 and designed in the Prairie School Style. It was built by Charles W. Forbes. The complex was purchased in 1999 and renovated. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Cherry Valley Coke Ovens consisted of 200 coke ovens built by the Leetonia Iron and Coal Company around 1866, near Leetonia, Ohio, United States. The function of the "beehive" coke ovens was to purify coal and turn it into coke. The coke was burned in furnaces that produced iron and steel.</p><br>
<p>The site, also known as Cherry Valley Coke Ovens Arboretum, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. An Ohio Historical Marker was added in 1999. Outside of the Connellsville Coke District in Pennsylvania, this site represents one of the largest remaining site of intact beehive coke ovens in North America.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1860s, Irish businessman William Lee discovered rich deposits of coal, ore and lime under the soil of today&#39;s Leetonia. Lee began to buy the surrounding land and established the company "The Leetonia Coal & Iron Company" which consisted of a coal mine, coke ovens, and a blast furnace. This company jumped into the iron and coal industry and soon turned the area into a thriving company town. The area went from housing three families in 1864 to 1,800 people by 1869 when it was incorporated.</p><br>
<p>The coke production was the main operation of the company. Leetonia Coal & Iron would mine the surrounding areas for coal and then cart coal by the tons into the coke ovens on rails above the ovens. The workers would then shovel the coal into the coke ovens to cook. This would purify the coal into a purer product of coal called coke which was then shipped off to the iron mills to be used in smelting iron. Coke has a much higher temperature point than regular coal so it was preferred for use in the mills.</p><br>
<p>Each coke oven is about 12 feet in diameter and 6 to 7 feet in height with the capacity to hold two to three tons of coal each. While still using 100 ovens, Leetonia Coal & Iron would process 250 tons of coal into coke per day. However, in 1873, the company was bought out and renamed "The Cherry Valley Iron and Coal Company", who expanded operations and eventually had over 200 coke ovens and 4 blast furnaces; processing much more coal than ever before. Financial troubles hit the company during the Great Depression and the ovens were closed permanently.</p><br>
<p>The site was donated to the village of Leetonia for a park in 1982, and, in 1986, the village council appointed a commission to transform the area into a park.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration and park</h2><br>
<p>The village of Leetonia developed the Cherry Valley Coke Ovens Park on the site. The area is heavily wooded area with hiking trails in and around the coke ovens and other sites of the former Cherry Valley Iron & Coal Co. The project was undertaken by the village of Leetonia to protect the site of a large part of the village&#39;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Washington Heights Historic District is located in the Adams Morgan neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The historic district includes 347 contributing properties that date from 1891-1950. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area was platted in 1888 and building construction began in 1891. It became a streetcar suburb along Washingtons original city limits. The first streetcar was a horse-drawn line that terminated at Connecticut and Florida Avenues. The areas growth intensified when electric streetcars were built on 18th Street in 1892 and Columbia Road in 1896.</p><br>
<p>Washington Heights was primarily a white middle-class neighborhood until the early 1920s when immigrants from Europe and Asia began to move into the neighborhood. Many of the newcomers operated small businesses along 18th Street or worked in the embassies in the area. The African American population was originally limited to the servants and janitors who lived where they were employed. They started moving into their own residences in the area in the 1930s, especially along Vernon Street. Single family row houses were transformed into rooming houses. Racial attitudes regarding the changing demographics led to white flight for the suburbs in the 1950s and 1960s, which also depressed property values. At that time Spanish speaking residents began to move into the area because of its affordable housing and because of its proximity to the Latin American embassies. As turmoil gripped the Latin American countries in the 1960s their numbers began to swell in the neighborhood. The 1970s saw people from the Caribbean, Southeast Asia and Africa move into the neighborhood, which has made the neighborhood a multicultural and multinational mix of people.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The architecture of the historic district is made up of late 19th century row houses that line the grid pattern streets and early 20th century apartment blocks that front the avenues. A variety of commercial structures are found along 18th Street NW.</p><br>
<h2>Contributing Properties</h2><br>
<p>Wyoming Apartments</p><br>
<p>The John W. Day House, also known as the Day-Dittman House, is a private residential structure located at 4985 Dryden Road in Dryden Township in southern Lapeer County, Michigan, United States. It was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site on September 26, 1987, and soon after added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 1987.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John W. Day was born in 1810 to Erastus and Lucy Day in Otsego County, New York. Erastus and Lucy Day moved to Macomb County, Michigan in 1826, leaving John in New York. In 1836, John Day purchased this property and began farming. In 1837 he married Polly Parkhurst; the couple has six children, four of whom lived to adulthood.</p><br>
<p>In 1863, Day built this house. In 1879, the Day family sold the house to Prussian immigrant Augustus Dittman and his wife Maria Kohler. August died in 1898 and Maria in 1901, after which the house went to their son William. William live dthere and farmed the property until his death in 1956. The house remained in his family until 1970 until it was sold once again. (Note. The house was not sold by the Dittman family in 1970. It was not sold until after the death of William J. Dittman, who passed in 1973.)</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1863 in the style of Greek Revival architecture, the structure is a wood framed, two-story house with a portico, pediment, and rounded latticework linking the four hexagonal columns of the portico. A 1½-story addition was built along the entire right side of the house in 1880, extending the length of the structure and adding a large room. Since then, the structure has remained largely intact, except for an arcade and porch added to the back in 1974. The house is clad with Flush-board siding, and has a center door with molded enframement. A recessed porch on the ell contains a secondary entrance door.</p><br>
<p>The Teegarden-Centennial Covered Bridge is a covered bridge in Columbiana County, Ohio. The bridge crosses Little Beaver Creek on Eagleton Road, 0.1 miles East of county road 411 near Salem, Ohio. It is currently only open to pedestrian traffic.</p><br>
<p>It was named after U. Teegarden who owned land near the bridge. Also known as the Centennial Bridge, it was built in 1876, 100 years after the signing of the United States Declaration of Independence.</p><br>
<p>The 66-foot, multiple king post span was designed by Jeremiah C. Mountz and David Reese. The bridge was in use until 1992 and underwent restoration in 2003. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in August 2010.</p><br>
<p>The Andalucia Building was built in 1911. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>What is now the rear part of the building was constructed in 1911, 1913, and 1917 as four brick garages. They were connected by a two-storey front-wall construction made of brick and concrete. The first floor contained auto-sales shops, whereas the second one housed the El Camino hotel. The building was owned by Henry Ernest Bothin, previously a San Francisco wealthy merchant, who moved to Santa Barbara in 1911. Since the highway 101 was completed about the same time, the area, which was adjacent to the highway, contained multiple garages and hotels.</p><br>
<p>The front portion was damaged by the 1925 earthquake. It was subsequently demolished and replaced by the front section in Moorish style which is still standing today. It was designed by a San Franciscan architect Lionel Pries. Generally, the downtown of Santa Barbara was rebuilt in the Colonial Revival style, and the Andalucia building, which preserved the Moorish appearance, became one of the few exceptions, which later earned it a listing in the National Register of Historic Places. In 1937, the building was converted into offices for Seaside Oil Company. The remodeling was performed by local architects Carleton Winslow and R. H. Pitman. In the same year, the rear was remodeled so that a part of the brickstone wall was replaced by an opening. The project was designed by Chester Carjola, also a local architect. The building subsequently changed owners several times, which led to less extensive remodeling works.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is a block which consists of four one-floor brick rectangular buildings with gable roofs. They all have a common flat-roof facade built in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The front portion is an arcade with fifteen arches, which has space for six shops. The rear part of the building, which are the former garage buildings, is divided into multiple spaces for shops. The frames inside are made of steel.</p><br>
<p>The Unitarian Universalist Church of Buffalo is an historic church complex located at 695 Elmwood Avenue, in Buffalo, New York. The building was designed by architect Edward Austin Kent in 1906. Kent died in 1912 aboard the RMS Titanic and a memorial plaque is located in the church honoring him.</p><br>
<p>The congregation is currently affiliated with the Unitarian Universalist Association. The church building was originally called the First Unitarian Church of Buffalo and was affiliated with the American Unitarian Association. In 1953, the congregation was joined by the Universalist Church of the Messiah, which was affiliated with the Universalist Church of America and began worshiping together as the Unitarian Universalist Church of Buffalo. Coincidentally, both congregations were organized in 1831 and the two denominations merged nationally in 1961.</p><br>
<h2>Church building</h2><br>
<p>The church is designed in a Gothic Revival style with walls and tracery in the arched windows of Indiana limestone, a crenelated turret, and oak doors decorated with wrought-iron fleur-de-lis. The interior of the church is English Country Gothic in style. The sanctuary has seating for 400 and features a great oak hammer beam ceiling soaring from stone corbels about ten feet above the floor. The walls and floor are of the same Indiana limestone as the exterior. Their plainness serves as contrast to the oak and glass decorative elements.</p><br>
<p>Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>The Art Nouveau stained glass windows were designed by Harry E. Goodhue, of Boston who also designed stained glass windows for Saint Martin&#39;s Church, Providence. The pipe organ in the choir loft was built by the Hutchings-Votey Organ Company in 1906. Hutchings-Votey also built the Newberry Memorial Organ in Woolsey Hall at Yale University and the Naval Academy Chapel Organ located in the United States Naval Academy Chapel in Annapolis, Maryland. The Delaware Organ Company of Tonawanda, New York rebuilt the organ in 1960.</p><br>
<p>The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 30, 2015, as the First Unitarian Church of Buffalo. It is located in the Elmwood Historic District–East.</p><br>
<h2>McCann Memorial library</h2><br>
<p>The McCann Memorial Library contains approximately 2,700 books covering a wide variety of topics including all aspects of Unitarian Universalism. The adult collection contains books on the various religions of the world, philosophy, spiritual readings, life issues (e.g. death, divorce, discipline, women&#39;s role, LGBTQ issues), environmentalism, religious education, inspiring fiction and poetry, among others. The collections for children and youth contain books to help young people deal with various life issues, as well as many traditional books for casual readers.</p><br>
<h2>Unitarian Universalist principles</h2><br>
<p>There are seven principles which Unitarian Universalist congregations affirm and promote:</p><br>
<p>The inherent worth and dignity of every person</p><br>
<p>Justice, equity and compassion in human relations</p><br>
<p>Acceptance of one another and encouragement to spiritual growth in our congregations</p><br>
<p>A free and responsible search for truth and meaning</p><br>
<p>The right of conscience and the use of the democratic process within our congregations and in society at large</p><br>
<p>The goal of world community with peace, liberty, and justice for all</p><br>
<p>Respect for the interdependent web of all existence of which we are a part.</p><br>
<p>The Talking Ben and Harriet Schulein House is a historic building located in Sioux City, Iowa, United States. Built in 1913 for a locally prominent Jewish businessman and his wife, the two-story frame structure was designed by local architect William L. Steele. Its significance is derived from being one of the first successful Prairie School designs by Steele in the Sioux City. It was designed at the midpoint of his career and in the last decade of the Prairie styles popularity. As such, this house may mark a turning point in Steeles career. He began to abandon other architectural styles in favor of the Prairie style whenever the client and their budget would accommodate it.</p><br>
<p>The Schulein House features a brick foundation, clapboard siding, and a hipped roof. The strong horizontal lines of the Prairie School style is found in the substantial overhang of the roofline, the wide attic dormers, the wide front porch and attached porte-cochere. It is also found in the window sills on the first floor that are tied to the foundation by way of the water table, and the lintels of the second floor windows that are tied to the fascia. The water table continues onto the front porch as its coping, which also contributes the horizontal nature of the design.</p><br>
<p>There is a small garage on the property that shares the same roofline and construction with the house. The house and garage were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>Bryce Building is located on 909 Throckmorton Street in Fort Worth, Texas. The two-story office building was named after businessman and former mayor William Bryce. The building was designed in the Classical Revival style. It was constructed with brick made by Denton Press Brick Company. In 1982 a fire caused major damage to the building. The building currently houses a law firm.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register on February 23, 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Blackfoot LDS Tabernacle, also known as the Blackfoot Tabernacle or South Blackfoot Stake Tabernacle is a building located in Blackfoot, Idaho that formerly served as a tabernacle for large gatherings of members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The tabernacle was designed by architects Hyrum Pope and Harold W. Burton and completed in 1921. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. In 1980 the church sold the building to the city of Blackfoot. It was used as a civic auditorium until the 1990&#39;s and sat until 2003. In 2003 local business owner Perry Hawker bought it and it now functions as the Hawker Funeral Home.</p><br>
<p>The Gooseville Mill/Grist Mill is a historic mill on the North Branch Milwaukee River in Gooseville, Wisconsin. The mill was built in 1879 to replace an 1855 mill that had burned down. The mill is a small custom mill with board and batten siding and is typical of the custom mills common in Sheboygan County in the 1800s. A Lefel turbine powered the mill, replacing the paddle wheel used in the 1855 mill. A burr mill was used to grind the grain processed at the mill. As of 1984, the mill was still operational and occasionally used as a sawmill.</p><br>
<p>The mill was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The County Road I-39–Rapid River Bridge is a bridge located on County Road I-39  over the Rapid River in Masonville Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The bridge carrying Co. Rd. I-39 over the Rapid River is a multi-span through girder bridge constructed of concrete. The bridge is 17 ft wide and 70 ft long in total, with two main spans of 33.8 ft in length.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Co. Rd. I-39 – Rapid River Bridge was built in 1916 by Delta Contracting Company of Escanaba, Michigan. The bridge was added to the NRHP on December 9, 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Delta Hotel, also known as the Bishop Noa Home for Senior Citizens, Hereford and Hops Restaurant and Brewpub, and the Delta Apartments, is a hotel located at 624 Ludington Street in Escanaba, Michigan, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1900s, Escanaba experienced an economic boom due to its central location in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, which created a natural transportation hub moving iron ore from railroad cars onto ships. In fact, the citys population grew from 9,500 in 1900 to 14,500 in 1913. Burns and his wife managed the hotel until 1957, when Burns widow sold it to her nephew, David W. Walch.</p><br>
<p>In 1962, the hotel closed, and Walch sold it to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Marquette. The hotel was converted into a nursing home, known as the Bishop Noa Home for Senior Citizens, in 1962-63, at which time an addition was constructed. The building remained vacant for a short period, and was then purchased and renovated. In 1994, the Hereford and Hops, a brewpub and restaurant, opened in first floor the building. The upper floors were converted into thirty-two apartments. As of 2018, the Hereford and Hops still occupied the building.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Delta Hotel is a five-story, 66 ft high Classical Revival structure. The main facades have a rusticated exterior at the first floor level, and a decorative belt resembling a cornice below the fifth-floor windows. There is paneled brickwork between the windows on the fifth floor level, and a parapet across the top that was added when the original main cornice was removed. It originally had 75 hotel rooms, and now has 32 apartments.</p><br>
<p>The 1962–63 addition is a sand-colored, brick, C-shaped structure, measuring 25 ft by 140 ft.</p><br>
<p>The Parowan Meetinghouse, sometimes referred to as the Parowan Tabernacle or the Parowan Old Rock Church is a historic meetinghouse of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints  in Parowan, Utah, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places .</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The building was constructed 1861–1870 and was designed by architect/builders Ebenezer Hanks, Edward Dalton and William A. Warren, all members of the local community. The basement was completed by 1867 when it began to hold meetings. The first meeting held in the relatively large chapel, which seated 800, occurred when LDS Church leader Brigham Young visited in April 1870. The building has two separate staircases with entrances, originally one for males and one for females. The building was abandoned by the church after 1914 when the new adjacent Prairie School styled Parowan 3rd Ward Meetinghouse was built on the same lot.</p><br>
<p>Somewhere around 1920, ownership was taken over by the city, who turned over the building to the Daughters of the Utah Pioneers who retain caretaker status. The building now serves as the Parowan Old Rock Church Museum that hosts daily tours between Memorial Day and Labor Day.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the NRHP May 6, 1976.</p><br>
<p>Old Mansion, originally named "The Bowling Green" by the original landowners, the Hoomes family, is a historic home located in Bowling Green, Caroline County, Virginia. The house was built around 1741. The original front section is a -story, brick structure with a jerkin-head roof and dormers. A rear frame addition with a gambrel roof was added in the late 18th century. The building is a private residence.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969. Bowling Green lent its name to the town of Bowling Green, Virginia. It is included in the Bowling Green Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Lowland Cottage is a historic home located near Ware Neck, Gloucester County, Virginia. The main and earliest part of the house, considered to have been built between 1666 and 1676, is a gambrel roofed, -story structure, approximately 40 feet by 20 feet. Sometime between 1783 and 1831 Lowland Cottage received two additions: a -story gambrel-roofed wing on the east end, and a two-story wing on the north side. The house was remodeled in 1935.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.</p><br>
<p>Abingdon Church is a historic Episcopal church located near White Marsh, Gloucester County, Virginia. It and the Abingdon Glebe House are among the oldest buildings in Virginia and were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The parish was established shortly after the founding of Gloucester County in 1651, to serve the countys southern portion along the York River, and a church was built near the current site on land donated by Col. Augustine Warner Jr., who twice served as speaker of Virginias House of Burgesses. His daughter Mildred would marry Laurence Washington of Westmoreland County to the north, and her grandson would become George Washington. The glebe (land to support the parish priest) is about four miles from the church, just inside the boundaries of neighboring Ware Parish, as rector Thomas Hughes noted in a letter to the Bishop of London in 1724. The rector of Abingdon parish taught at the Peasley School, administered by both parishes. Thus, the glebe house, built around 1700, is older than the current parish church and is one of the earliest examples of a hipped roof in the state, as well as being one of the most well-preserved after restoration circa 1954.</p><br>
<p>Though many Gloucester County records burned in either 1820 or 1865, a contract to expand the Abingdon church was discussed in 1751, and the current one-story brick church was probably finished in 1754 or 1755. The church has a Latin cross plan with gable roof, pedimented gable ends and modillioned cornice. Col. Lewis Burwell donated a communion set made in London in 1702 to the parish, which remains in use today. The church interior features an elaborate reredos. Following the disestablishment of the Episcopal Church in Virginia in 1802, the building fell into disrepair, although Methodists worshipped at Abingdon Church 1818–1822, and an Episcopal congregation was re-formed in 1826 and repaired the church in 1841. Federal troops occupied the church and caused damage, so it was also repaired in 1868, 1897 and 1950.</p><br>
<p>Abingdon Glebe House is a historic home located near Gloucester, Gloucester County, Virginia. It was built around 1700, and is T-shaped brick structure with one-story hipped roof end pavilions flanking the central portion of the house. The central portion and rear ell are topped by steep gable roofs. It was extensively renovated about 1954. The house and surrounding glebe lands were owned by Abingdon Parish until they were confiscated by legislative act in 1802 as part of the Disestablishment. It was acquired by William Riddick of Gloucester in the 1980s, and was bequeathed to St. James On-the-Glebe Anglican Church, a parish of the Anglican Province of America, after Riddick&#39;s death in 2006.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>Ware Parish Church is a historic Episcopal church located near Gloucester in Gloucester County, Virginia. One of the oldest surviving parish churches in the Commonwealth, Ware is the only one to retain its original three entrances. Ware Parish is one of the oldest in the state, formed in 1657, three years after Gloucester County&#39;s formation. The original building was on the opposite side of the river, the area still being known as "church field". Although a church was built on this site about 1690, the current generally accepted date for the one-story, rectangular brick structure topped by a steeply pitched gable roof is about 1715. Both structures were built during the rectorship of James Clack . Although the inside has been altered considerably, its exterior brickwork is well preserved, and other features include two double guillotine windows in the east end, five windows on each side, and one circular window over the western doorway.</p><br>
<p>The parish&#39;s first rector, Alexander Murray, had escaped with King Charles II from the Battle of Worcester, and was nominated to become the Bishop of Virginia, with authority over all Anglican churches in the American colonies, but died before he could be consecrated, so no Anglican bishop ever lived in the colonies. During the American Revolutionary War, American infantry camped at the church. It deteriorated during the disestablishment of the Episcopal Church in Virginia, and was occasionally used by Methodists for services before being repaired in 1827 and restored for full use as an Episcopal Church in 1854. During the American Civil War, federal troops encamped in the yard, and the church was not again repaired and restored to full use until 1878.</p><br>
<p>The parish has traditionally had a close relationship with slightly older Abingdon Church, in White Marsh also in Gloucester County, and often shared rectors. Two other colonial era chapels, at Kingston and Petsworth, did not survive, although Ware parish inherited two silver patens and two silver chalices from Petsworth and Kingston was in what became Mathews County, Virginia in 1791.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>Brooks House, also known as the Hotel Brooks, is an historic building located at the corner of Main Street and High Street in downtown Brattleboro, Vermont. It was built in 1871 and designed by the architectural firm of E. Boyden & Son of Worcester, Massachusetts, in the provincial Second Empire style for George Brooks, to replace a previous hotel on the site which had burned down. When it was completed, the luxury hotel had 80 rooms which were lavishly furnished. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The iron entrance and veranda along Main Street was 40 feet long and two stories high, and the cast-iron columns featured granite lintels, which supported the weight of the building, which was, and remains, the largest commercial structure in Brattleboro.</p><br>
<p>In its day, the hotel, one of the largest in New England and possibly the biggest Second Empire building outside of New York City, was a popular summer resort, well known in both New York and Boston. The veranda was used as a reviewing stand for parades, meetings were held in the hotel year-round, and the ballroom hosted lavish parties. The Second Empire style was widely used for hotels at the time, one of which, the Towsley House Hotel in Waterloo, New York, was extremely similar in design and layout to the Brooks House Hotel, raising the possibility that Boyden might have plagiarized it.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the building was significantly changed in 1970–72 to make it commercially viable and prevent the building from being demolished. The 50-foot x 50-foot ballroom, which originally occupied the second and third floors of the High Street side of the building and was clear of any columns, posts or other obstructions, was divided into office spaces, as was the remainder of those two floors, and the next three floors were turned into 59 modern apartments. The lobby of the building became a bank, and the original entrance replaced by a modern entrance. These alterations left no trace of the original interior. In addition, exterior columns were removed to allow larger windows for retail spaces on the ground floor.</p><br>
<p>On April 17, 2011, the third and fourth floors of the building were heavily damaged by a fire. The owner, Jonathan Chase, spent almost $2 million to restore and redevelop it, but was unable to raise the money necessary to complete the job, and on April 4, 2012, announced that he was selling the building, which Brattleboro Town Manager Barbara Sondag characterized as "vitally important to downtown", to a newly formed corporation consisting of local investors, which will seek the $14 million thought to be necessary to finish the 18- to 24-month project.</p><br>
<p>Mesabi LLC is a team of five local investors who are now undertaking the redevelopment of the Brooks House. On Tuesday, July 9, 2013, the group closed on the deal and will begin construction at the end of the month. The project is estimated to cost $24 million, and financing has come from a variety of sources, including Town of Brattleboro loans and federal tax credits. When completed the building will house a new downtown campus for Community College of Vermont and Vermont Technical College (Vermont Tech).</p><br>
<p>The Bishops Block, also known as the Bishops Block Apartments, is a historic building located in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building significance is derived from its association with its architect, Franklin D. Hyde. He was a Dubuque architect known for his residential designs. Considered his best work, Hyde designed the building in the Romanesque Revival style. At one time the building had a distinctive turret on its northwest corner, which was destroyed by lightning in July 2011.</p><br>
<p>The building was commissioned by John Hennessy, the third bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Dubuque, and derives its name from him. He was involved in speculative real estate and business ventures in the Dubuque area, and he built or acquired numerous buildings around the city. This building was first occupied by wholesale grocer Marshall M. Walker. After five years, the John T. Hancock Company was housed here. The Western Grocery Company occupied the building from 1908 into the 1950s. It has subsequently been renovated into apartments.</p><br>
<p>Peavey Plaza is a park plaza that serves as a public outdoor space in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota at the south end of Nicollet Mall between South 11th and 12th Streets. The sunken plaza and its amphitheater were designed by landscape architect M. Paul Friedberg and built in 1975 alongside Orchestra Hall. The Cultural Landscape Foundation has deemed the plaza a "marvel of modernism" and it was named one of the top ten most endangered historical sites in Minnesota before its rehabilitation in 2019.</p><br>
<h2>Revitalization</h2><br>
<p>In 2011, joint plans by the City of Minneapolis and Minnesota Orchestra management were criticized for excluding key designers such as Friedberg. Following a public meeting where architect Tom Oslund proposed changing the plaza, Minneapolis activist Trish Brock launched the Save Peavey Plaza campaign. Brock reached out to and united The Cultural Landscape Foundation and the Preservation Alliance to move forward with the preservation of Peavey Plaza.</p><br>
<p>In June 2012, the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota and The Cultural Landscape Foundation filed a lawsuit against the City of Minneapolis on the grounds that the planned demolition of Peavey Plaza would violate a Minnesota law protecting "historic resources" from "pollution, impairment or destruction." In January 2013, the plaza was placed on the National Register of Historic Places; the lawsuit remained outstanding at that time.</p><br>
<p>On October 4, 2013, the lawsuit was resolved in favor of the Plaza&#39;s preservation. The settlement agreement included the following language:</p><br>
<p>The National Trust for Historic Preservation listed the plaza as one of ten historic sites saved in 2013. The coalition that advocated to save the plaza won an Advocacy Award of Excellence from Docomomo US in 2014.</p><br>
<p>In November and December 2014, the plaza was used as the site of the "Minneapolis Holiday Market", a part of the Holidazzle Village which replaced the holiday parade held in previous years.</p><br>
<p>Within the next year the city found the fountains and pool too difficult to maintain and drained them. The plaza remained open with the water features inactive until 2017 when the city and consultants finalized new plans for a redesign.</p><br>
<p>The $10 million renovation, completed in July 2019 by Coen+Partners with Fluidity Design and Tillett Lighting Design, preserved the original design of the plaza but improved its accessibility and sustainability, and brought new light to the southern end of Nicollet Mall. The rehabilitated Peavey Plaza features new and improved water fountains, a shallower 0.25-inch wading pool that can be easily drained for events, interactive changing lighting, ramps for accessibility, and a new entertainment plaza. In 2022, the plaza&#39;s rehabilitation won a Modernism in America Civic Design Award of Excellence from Docomomo US. The non-profit organization Green Minneapolis operates and programs the plaza under contract to the City of Minneapolis.</p><br>
<p>The William J. Bryce House, known as Fairview, is located on 4900 Bryce Avenue in Fort Worth, in the USA state of Texas.</p><br>
<p>William J. Bryce was born in Scotland in 1861. He immigrated to the United States, and in 1883 settled in Fort Worth. As a brickmason by training, he began working in the building trades in Fort Worth, and in 1907 established the Bryce Building Company. In 1925, he was elected to the city council; two years later, he was elected mayor, and held the office until his resignation in 1933, necessitated by his wife&#39;s failing health. Bryce died in 1944.</p><br>
<p>Bryce built the Fairview house in the Arlington Heights neighborhood of Fort Worth in 1893, after a design by Fort Worth architectural firm Messer, Sanguinet, and Messer. Following the firms dissolution in 1895, design partner Marshall Sanguinet established a new firm in partnership with engineer Carl Staats; at about this time, he achieved the status of "the citys preeminent architect".</p><br>
<p>Fairview is a two-story masonry house that faces south on a large lot. Its design is a manifestation of the interest in French Renaissance architecture, particularly in chateaux, among late-19th-century American architects. The building is for the most part square in plan, with a steeply pitched slate hip roof and gabled dormers. A smaller wing extends to the rear, and a carriage house of similar design stands to the rear.</p><br>
<p>The house was altered somewhat by its second owner, in the 1940s, but retained much of its original character. It was listed as a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1983, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Engine Company 26 in the Northeast quadrant of Washington, D.C., USA, is a historic firehouse located at 1340 Rhode Island Avenue on the border between Brentwood and Brookland. The building was listed by the National Register of Historic Places in May, 2011. The same Engine Company was located at 2715 22nd St. until 1940, and that building is also listed by the NRHP, as Old Engine Company 26 . Both buildings were listed as part of the "Firehouses in Washington DC" Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>The new building was put into service on April 27, 1937, as the home of Truck Company 15. Its address was originally listed as 1340 Brentwood Road NE, but later changed to 1340 Rhode Island Ave., NE. The original equipment was a 1919 American LaFrance 85 aerial ladder truck, which was soon replaced with a 1923 American LaFrance 75 aerial ladder truck. Engine Company 26 made the short move to the new building in 1940.</p><br>
<p>The Granite Stake Tabernacle is a tabernacle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Sugar House District of Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It has historic significance to the area and was listed in the USA National Register of Historic Places in 2003 .</p><br>
<h2>First Granite Stake Tabernacle</h2><br>
<p>The first tabernacle used for the Cottonwood and Granite stakes was located on the corner of 33rd South and State street and was constructed in 1903. Joseph F. Smith dedicated the building on December 27, 1903. Due to congregational boundary divisions in 1929, what was known as the Granite Stake Tabernacle was actually within the Grant Stake boundaries and was renamed the Grant Stake Tabernacle. The Grant Stake Tabernacle was razed in 1956.</p><br>
<h2>Construction of the Second Granite Stake Tabernacle</h2><br>
<p>The second and current Granite Stake Tabernacle was designed by two young architects, Edward O. Anderson and Lorenzo Snow Young, who would later make an impact on the architecture of many other buildings for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Fundraising for the construction was done by members of the local area. The construction began in 1929, and required the demolition of four homes on the property including the childhood home of Stephen L. Richards. The building was completed in March 1930 at a cost of USD$225,000. LDS Church policy mandated that buildings would not be dedicated until they were paid off in full. Due to the Depression, the tabernacle wasnt dedicated until June 1938 by LDS Church President Heber J. Grant. In 1951 the tabernacle had an additional chapel built adjacent to the original structure for the Lincoln Wards weekly meetings.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>The tabernacle continues to function as a gathering place for multiple wards (congregations), but also serves as a meetinghouse for regular Sunday services for the Dai Ichi (Japanese) ward.</p><br>
<p>The Escanaba Public Library was a Carnegie library located at 201 South Seventh Street in Escanaba, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 and designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Escanaba Public Library was constructed with $20,000 in funds donated by Andrew Carnegie. The city of Escanaba promised additional yearly operation funds. The building was designed by local architect Theodore Lohff. The Carnegie library opened in May 1903.</p><br>
<p>In 1992, the city began construction on a new city hall and library complex.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Escanaba Public Library is a one-story Classical Revival building constructed of red brick and Lake Superior Sandstone. It sits on a rough-faced stone foundation. The front facade has a portico entrance with an entablature and pediment supported by four Ionic columns. Windows flanked by pilasters and topped with lintels lighten the mass of the building. The building is topped with a cornice and pediments on each side; a balustrade which originally ran between the pediments was removed in 1928. A low dome originally topped building; it was removed in 1958. An upper dome still is in place. The rear of the building is of simpler design, constructed of brick and containing simple windows with stone sills.</p><br>
<p>The Bay de Noquet Lumber Company Waste Burner was an industrial waste burner located at the south end of River Street in Nahma Township, Michigan. It was built to burn waste wood and bark from the nearby sawmill; until 2019 it was the only known example of this type of waste burner surviving in Michigan, and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011. The burner collapsed in 2019, and was removed from the National Register in 2020.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1881, George Farnsworth and his partners in Wisconsin&#39;s Oconto Lumber Company founded the Bay de Noquet (later Bay de Noc) Lumber Company. The company immediately built a sawmill in Nahma, along the northern coast of Lake Michigan, opening it in 1882. Fires were problematic, and the Nahma sawmill was destroyed by fire in 1889 and again in 1899. In response, the company built this wastewood burner, located on a small nearby island, to eliminate the sawmill waste. Although the exact construction date is not known, it was some time between 1888 and 1893; it is not unlikely that the burner was built after the 1889 fire. s</p><br>
<p>The sawmill was destroyed yet again in 1923. The company rebuilt, and continued to log the surrounding area and use the waste burner. However, available timber supplies were dwindling, and the mill shut down permanently in 1951.</p><br>
<p>The burner collapsed in the overnight hours of April 18, 2019.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Bay de Noquet Lumber Company Waste Burner was a round tower, 32 ft in diameter on the outside and approximately 100 ft tall. It was constructed of cast iron plates lined with brick, and sat on a 6 ft high limestone foundation. The exterior iron plates were rectangular, and were placed in horizontal rows with a slight overlap between adjacent plates. The lowest five rows had an additional strap to prevent the structure from bulging outward. The lowest row contained arched openings penetrating into the interior of the burner, apparently used to remove ashes. A larger opening about halfway up the structure was originally used to dump waste via a conveyor into the burner. A wire mesh dome, put in place to prevent embers from escaping, covered the top, and a weathervane inscribed with "B. de N. Co." was in place at the very top.</p><br>
<p>The interior brick was about 18 in thick in the lower 30 ft and about 8 in thick in the next 24 ft. Above that level the burner was unlined. This construction was very similar to that found in the 1888 patent issued to Muskegon Boiler Works.</p><br>
<p>The burner was located on low ground near Lake Michigan, in a position that was at one time about 60 ft east of the sawmill proper. However, all traces of the sawmill have been erased, save for wooden pilings along the shore and the waste burner itself. A golf course now occupies the former site of the mill.</p><br>
<p>Whitpain Public School, also known as Whitpain High School and the 1895 School, is a historic school building located in Blue Bell, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1895, and is a two-story, stucco covered stone and brick building. It is in a Late Victorian style with Queen Anne and Gothic Revival style details. It measures 37 feet wide by 50 feet deep, and sits on a fieldstone foundation. It features an entrance porch and numerous Gothic arches.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Officially named F. W. Gross High School on January 2, 1936, the Victoria Colored School, in Victoria County, Texas, United States, was built in 1901 under authorization of the newly elected school board. The Victoria Independent School District, formed in 1898, chose a design by architect Jules Leffland for the districts second high school, a segregated school for the "coloreds". The Colored School was built at 702 E. Convent Street, in the Diamond Hill area of Victoria, which had been settled by freedmen after the Civil War. The building was next door to the Freedmens School , which was turned into a dormitory for teachers of The Colored School.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>Slavery had been illegal in Texas under Mexican rule but, in 1836, with the establishment of the Republic of Texas, slavery was legalized. For the first time, cotton farming in the Victoria area was profitable. The flat, fertile, well-watered, "empty" ranch lands throughout Texas interested cotton growers in the southeast. They began immigrating to Victoria, through the ports of Indianola and Linnville, buying land and bringing slaves with them to work the fields.</p><br>
<p>Victoria had played a role in the Confederacy. Confederate ports were blockaded by Union troops. The Trans-Mississippi Department of the Confederacy developed a supply line, the Cotton Road, that funneled cotton overland, through Texas, to Matamoros in Mexico. There, the cotton was exchanged for supplies.</p><br>
<p>Twenty-five years after the legalization of slavery, at the outbreak of the Civil War, slaves equaled more than half of Victoria County&#39;s population. The influx of southerners had surpassed the influx of the strict-abolitionist German immigrants, and Victoria County voted overwhelmingly for the succession of Texas.</p><br>
<p>The war eventually destroyed the market for cotton. Former slaves either became sharecroppers or drifted into the city, establishing a community and social infrastructure. Children in grades one to seven attended free, but citizen resistance to free education resulted in students in grades eight through 10 paying a fee until 1906.</p><br>
<h2>Early leadership</h2><br>
<p>The first principal of the Victoria Colored School was Frederick William Gross (1861–1915), a native of Marshall, Texas, with degrees from several well-known universities. He encouraged literary pursuits and stressed academic performance among the students and, under his leadership the first six years, the school became recognized among black colleges.</p><br>
<p>In 1907, C.H. McGruder succeeded Gross as principal. By 1920, the enrollment in McGruder&#39;s pet program, the Industrial Arts Department, strained the capacity of the school.</p><br>
<h2>Accreditation</h2><br>
<p>Despite these successes, when the school applied for accreditation as a preparatory school for the state college in 1932, it was denied. It was eventually revealed that a lack of qualified teachers, space, and science equipment had been cited as reasons for the school&#39;s failure to gain accreditation. Seven years and federal grants later brought accreditation to the school. The school continued to act as an exclusively black school until 1966.</p><br>
<h2>Historical status</h2><br>
<p>The building at 702 E. Convent Street no longer serves as a school. On December 9, 1986, the location was certified by the National Register of Historic Places and, in August, 1986, became a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<p>The Buel House is a single-family house and historic site in Golconda, Illinois on the Ohio River. The house, built in 1840, is owned by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency and is operated by the Pope County Historical Society.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The homes first owner, Alexander Buel, was a tanner of hides into dressed leather. At the time, there were substantial shipments of hides and leather up and down the Ohio River, with craftsmen such as Jesse Grant (father of Ulysses S. Grant) in the river leather trade. The house remained in the hands of the Buel family until 1986, and is preserved as an example of a working-class homes 146-year occupation by one family. The Buel family&#39;s period of residence included the years of the American Civil War.</p><br>
<p>A local legend claims that the Buel House was a site on the Trail of Tears; this is impossible, however, because the house was not built until 1840. It is fact that the Cherokee were forced to march through Golconda in 1838, and the deportees undoubtedly passed the house site.</p><br>
<p>The Buel House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as part of the Golconda Historic District. It is located at Madison and Columbus Streets, in central Golconda.</p><br>
<p>The Loller Academy is an historic, American school building that is located in Hatboro, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Now the Borough Hall of the Borough of Hatboro, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The original section was built in 1811, and is a two-story, stucco building measuring sixty-five feet wide by fifty-six feet long. It has a hipped roof and a forty-foot-square cupola. The building also has a later, two-story rear addition that measures twenty-four feet by seventy-two feet. The building features a belfry with clock, and housed a school until 1960.</p><br>
<p>Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, it is now the Borough Hall of the Borough of Hatboro.</p><br>
<p>The Union Library Company is an historic, American library building in Hatboro, Pennsylvania. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The Union Library Company was founded, and is the third-oldest library in Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1851, this historic structure is a -story, rectangular, stuccoed stone building with a -story rear wing. The front facade features a colonnaded porch with four Doric order columns and was designed in the Greek Revival style. The rear wing has side porches.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Maud and Belle Ainsworth House is a historic house located in the Southwest Hills neighborhood of Portland, Oregon. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Maud Ainsworth was a prominent Northwest photographer in a cutting-edge, modernist style. The 1907 Arts and Crafts house she shared with her sister Belle included her studio and darkroom. The sisters were the two youngest daughters of pioneer businessman and steamboat owner John C. Ainsworth. Belle Ainsworth, under her married name of Jenkins, is also associated with the National Register listed Jenkins Estate in nearby Washington County.</p><br>
<p>The house is a defining work of architect William C. Knighton, a designer of importance throughout Oregon.</p><br>
<p>Engine Company No. 25 is a historic firehouse located at 3203 Martin Luther King Jr., Ave SE, in Congress Heights, Washington, District of Columbia.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was built in 1901 and, starting in 1903, served by Chemical Company 5, which served in areas where water hydrants were not yet available. Its original equipment was a 1903 American LaFrance double tank 170 gallon chemical engine.</p><br>
<p>In July 1913 Company 5 was disbanded and Engine Company 25 occupied the firehouse. Its original equipment was a 1913 Ahrens Fox 700 GPM motor pumper.</p><br>
<p>Two of the stations firefighters have been killed in the line of duty. Private Edward F. Laughton on March 2, 1927, and Private Lloyd A. Irwin on December 4, 1947.</p><br>
<p>In 2007 the firehouse was listed by the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Firehouses in Washington D.C. Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<h2>Dispatches from Eng. Co. 25</h2><br>
<p>April 19, 1981 The Washington Post Magazine completed a full magazine spread about the rich history and heroic actions performed by the men of Engine Company 25. In 1980, Engine company 25 was the busiest company in the District with 2,533 alarms.</p><br>
<p>In 1981, Firehouse magazine published “A Firehouse Exclusive”. An informal survey to compare alarm responses of fire departments throughout the United States and Canada. Engine Company 25 was ranked tenth overall for run responses with 2,695 alarms.</p><br>
<h2>Past engines</h2><br>
<p>1903 American La France</p><br>
<p>1913 Ahrens Fox</p><br>
<p>2000 Seagrave (S-135)</p><br>
<p>2006 Seagrave Marauder II (S-167)</p><br>
<p>2014 Pierce Arrow (S-190)</p><br>
<p>The Jefferson Elementary School is an historic American school building that is located in Pottstown, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This historic structure is a large two-story, U-shaped, brick building that was designed in the Classical Revival style. The original section was built in 1923. The building was then expanded between 1938 and 1939 and again in 1957. It was decommissioned as a school in 1980.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>Grubb Mansion is an historic home which is located in the High Street Historic District, in Pottstown, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1906, Grubb Mansion is a three-story, asymmetrical, brownstone building, which was designed in the Queen Anne style. Located in Pottstown&#39;s High Street Historic District, it features a nine-foot-deep front porch with an open turret, art glass windows and an octagonal tower.</p><br>
<p>The dwelling was converted to office use in 1954 and a union hall was added to the rear in 1956.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>Pottsgrove Manor, also known as the John Potts House, is an historic, American home that is located in Pottstown, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Located in the Old Pottstown Historic District, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This historic structure was built in 1752 by John Potts, and is a large two-story, rectangular, sandstone and fieldstone building that was designed in the Georgian style. It has a five-bay front facade, a gable roof, and a center hall plan. The service wing was added between 1790 and 1805, and the rebuilt east wing was added between 1941 and 1952 during a restoration.</p><br>
<p>It is open to the public as an eighteenth-century historic house museum and is owned by Montgomery County.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is located in the Old Pottstown Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Alexander Clark House is a historic house located in Muscatine, Iowa, United States. The house is associated with Alexander Clark , an African American civil rights pioneer and US Minister to Liberia. Clark was a 19th-century abolitionist who made his home in Muscatine for most of his adult life. He fought and won for the integration of public schools in Iowa when his daughter was forbidden to attend her neighborhood school. The case went to the Iowa Supreme Court, which resulted in the integration of all schools in the state. He was an associate of Frederick Douglass, helped to establish Iowas only Colored regiment during the American Civil War, and the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Muscatine. Clark was named the Minister to Liberia in 1890 by President Benjamin Harrison, where he died a year later. The house was built in 1879 after a fire destroyed Clarks previous house. It was moved 200 ft from its original location in 1975,</p><br>
<p>Wilton Candy Kitchen is a combination ice cream parlor, soda fountain and confectionery store located in Wilton, Iowa, United States. The two-story wood-frame building has a gable roof that is obstructed on the main facade by a false front. It retains its interior from 1922. The shop was founded in 1867, and it is considered to be the oldest continuing business of its type in the United States. The business was bought by Gus Nopoulos, a Greek immigrant who worked in his uncle&#39;s candy store in Davenport, Iowa before he bought this store in 1910 with Nick Parros. The building already contained the candy making equipment, a soda fountain, and other furnishings. In 1913 Nopoulos bought the building and bought out his partner. The tin ceiling was installed in 1915. He acquired the interior furnishings from the Elite Confectionery in Davenport and had them installed here in 1922. Gus Nopoulos continued to be involved with the shop until his death in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The shop serves Georges homemade ice cream, phosphates, lunches, and candy. In the back of the building is a museum of Wiltons history. The building was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. In 2016 it was included as a contributing property in the Wilton Commercial Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Pine Mills German Methodist Episcopal Church is an historic building located in Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. The building was built by volunteers in 1867. The congregation was made up of German immigrants who desired to maintain their own language and culture in their religious practices. The last service was held in the church on Christmas Eve 1910. The building passed to private ownership and was used as a farm building and workshop. Over the years the building deteriorated because of disuse. It was donated by Paul Kemper, who owned it, to the Muscatine Area Heritage Association. Renovation of the former church was spearheaded by the American Schleswig Holstein Heritage Society and the Muscatine Community Foundation. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>Pine Creek Gristmill is a historic building located in Wildcat Den State Park in Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Benjamin Nye was one of the first permanent white settlers/residents to the area after it was opened to settlement in 1833. He and his cousin built their homes near the Mississippi River and named the settlement Montpelier as they were originally from Vermont. He built his first mill in 1835, but it was washed out because it was built too close to the Mississippi river. Nye built a water powered saw mill further upstream to the North on Pine Creek. Two years later he added a gristmill across the creek. He also built the county&#39;s first store and post office. As his business expanded the present mill was built by Nye in 1848 for $10,000 (then dollars) with timber he cut in his own mill. Benjamin Nye was murdered by one of his two sons-in-law (George McCoy) in 1852 and the mill passed to his other son-in-law Robert Patterson. Herman Huchendorf, a German immigrant to Muscatine County, had bought the mill by the time the Pine Mill Bridge was erected in 1876. The creek was easily crossed for most of the year, but when the water was high it was difficult for farmers to bring their grain to the mill. While this was one of numerous bridge and mill combinations across the state of Iowa it is the only one that remains in place today.</p><br>
<p>The mill essentially appears as it has since the 1920s and is a museum of the range of milling processes that were used between 1848 and 1929. Originally the mill had two sets of millstones that produced flour from wheat that was grown locally. It used a process known in the trade as the “New Process.” The mill was reequipped in 1880 when its technology became obsolete.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The main part of the building is three and a half stories that measures 40 ft by 45 ft. It is attached to a two-story addition that measures 35 ft by 45 ft. The building was built of native oak beams. It utilizes mortise and tenon joints that are connected with wooden pegs.</p><br>
<p>The mill itself was powered by a 20-horsepower water turbine from approximately 1848 to 1878, and after 1878, a 40 to 60-horsepower steam engine back-up when the water level was low. The mill has three separate plants in it. The main plant is a “three stand” double roller mill that produced wheat flour and is located on all three floors. A single stand triple roller milling plant was added to mill corn. It includes a set of 36 in grindstones to produce Buckwheat flour.</p><br>
<p>The Henry W. Breyer Sr. House, also known as Haredith and officially known today as the Cheltenham Township Municipal Building, is an historic property which is located in Elkins Park, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States.</p><br>
<p>Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004, it is located across the street from National Historic Landmark Beth Sholom Synagogue.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1915, this historic structure is a large -story, irregularly-shaped, stone dwelling, which was designed in the Colonial Revival style. It features a full-height porch supported by four Doric order columns. Also located on the property is a contributing garage.</p><br>
<p>The house was built by Henry W. Breyer Sr., owner of Breyers Ice Cream.</p><br>
<p>The house was purchased by Cheltenham Township in 1956, and was then converted to office space.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. It is located across the street from National Historic Landmark Beth Sholom Synagogue.</p><br>
